What does US President Donald Trump think about NATO? Twice during his election campaign he rubbished it publically, saying it was “obsolete.” Yet this month, when he met UK Prime Minister Therese May, he told her he supported NATO 100 percent.

A few influential people have argued that it is indeed obsolete. One of them was William Pfaff, the late, much-esteemed columnist for the International Herald Tribune. Another is Paul Hockenos, who set out his views in a seminal article in World Policy Journal. Their words fell on deaf ears. Former US President George H.W. Bush saw it differently, and wanted to see the Soviet Union more involved in NATO’s day-to-day work.

His successor Bill Clinton had another agenda, one that turned out to be dangerous, triggering Moscow’s current hostility toward the West: To expand NATO, incorporating one by one Russia’s former East European allies. His successors continued that approach, with Barack Obama raising a red rag to a bull by calling for the inclusion of Ukraine and Georgia.

NATO’s job, as British Secretary-General Lord Ismay said in 1967, was to “keep the Russians out, the Americans in and the Germans down.” It certainly succeeded with the latter two.

To some extent, it did find a role after the Berlin Wall came down. It led humanitarian interventions in Bosnia in 1995 and against Serbia in 1999. In 2003 it deployed troops into Afghanistan. At one time the NATO-led force rose to 40,000 for 40 countries, including all 27 NATO allies.

Nevertheless, some of us do not see these as great successes. Most historians who have examined the evidence are convinced that the late Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had no intention of invading Western Europe. World War II was won, the Soviet Union had a ring of friends around its borders, and Germany was divided. The allies had been an invaluable help, and the Soviets did not feel threatened by their former comrades in arms.

So often overlooked is that the Soviet Union bore the brunt of defeating Germany, and lost by far the most fighting men and civilians. Thorough searches by Western historians through Soviet archives, opened under President Boris Yeltsin, have revealed that Moscow had no plans to invade Europe.

Yes, it is.  The EU should take over most of NATO’s role: Doing more of what it has done in Georgia and stabilizing the Balkans, making use of its massive “soft power,” and thus undergirding world security.

Jonathan Power