The study released on Tuesday was conducted by government agencies and research institutes, and surveyed more than 2,300 adult refugees who arrived in Germany between 2013 and early 2016.The participants were asked about their experiences during their flight from their home countries, with 15 percent of women and 4 percent of men saying that they had experienced sexual abuse.

 More than half also said they were economically exploited or deceived, and around 40 percent of men and women said they had been imprisoned while trying to leave. Around one-quarter to one-third of respondents said they had survived a shipwreck on their journey.